Crohn's Disease vs Ulcerative Colitis

Ddx between Crohn's and UC by the following features of Crohn's :

1. Small bowel involvement
2. Rectal sparing
3. Absence of rectal bleeding
4. Segmental / symmetrical distribution
5. Perianal disease
6. Associated mass / fistulae
7. Patchy lesions / apthoid (small ulcer occuring in groups), longitudinal, or serpiginous (wavy margin) ulcerations at endoscopy + cobblestone appearance
8. Transmural disease or granulomas on biopsy

AIHA and Myeloplastic Syndrome : Diseases of the Blood

Dear my fellow friends,

You may download the docs. of Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia and Myeloplastic Syndrome by clicking the links provided below :

1. AIHA
2. Myeloplastic Syndrome

Source : Internal Diseases - An Introductory Course

P/S : Myeloplastic Syndrome = Myelodysplastic Syndrome = MDS = Myelodysplasia (I am not sure, correct me if I'm wrong)

Achalasia of the Cardia

Achalasia means 'failure to relax'. It is associated with failure of sphincters to relax from contracted state eg. cardiac sphincter (achalasia of the cardia or cardiospasm). It is an idiopathic pathology (primary achalasia) or may be due to esophageal cancer or Chagas' disease (secondary achalasia).

Cardiospasm is characterized by :

1. The failure of weak muscles of the cardia to relax
2. Disturbed peristaltic activity of the esophagus
3. Deranged reflex opening of the cardia on swallowing
4. Impaired passage of food into the stomach
5. Dilatation of the esophagus due to food's retention in it

Clinical Pictures :

1. Retrosternal paroxysmal pain (occurs usually at night)
2. Dysphagia (may intensify by emotional stress)
3. Regurgitation (may cause aspiration pneumonia)

Prognosis :

1. Progresses rapidly
2. Weight loss is progressive
3. Aspiration pneumonia and chronic bronchitis may supervene due to regurgitated
masses from esophagus

Treatment :

1. The efficacy of medication is low.
2. Surgery : Using Einhorn's dilator, balloon dilatation, Heller myotomy

Source : Wikipedia, Internal Diseases ; An Introductory Course

Download the article in .doc format.

History and Physical Examination : Notes

Download this guide. It is quite useful for me, just a simple guide and explanation about history taking, physical examination etc. I extract the following text from the full original version :

History and Physical Examination

Identifying Data: Patient's name; age, race, sex. List the patient’s significant medical problems. Name of informant
(patient, relative).

Chief Complaint: Reason given by patient for seeking medical care and the duration of the symptom. List all of the patients medical problems.

History of Present Illness (HPI): Describe the course of the patient's illness, including when it began, character of the symptoms, location where the symptoms began; aggravating or alleviating factors; pertinent positives and negatives. Describe past illnesses or surgeries, and past diagnostic testing.

Past Medical History (PMH): Past diseases, surgeries, hospitalizations; medical problems; history of diabetes, hypertension, peptic ulcer disease, asthma, myocardial infarction, cancer. In children include birth history, prenatal history, immunizations, and type of feedings.

More ...

Diet Regiments

For 2nd Year Therapy Uhod and everybody else hehe.

Get Diet Regiments here.

Contents of each diet are pretty much the same but please pay careful attention to indications and special characteristics of each diet. Good luck!

Renal Eclampsia

Fetch the doc file here ...

Source : Internal Diseases - An Introductory Course

Renal Hypertension

Picture shown the Salus's Sign of Retinal Vessels

As opposed to essential/primary hypertension which is etiologically unknown, the cause of renal hypertension is underlain by diseases such as acute/chronic glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis and nephrosclerosis ... More

Source : Internal Diseases - An Introductory Course

Oesophagus

Assalamualaikum

This note has been written according to our text book 'Introduction to Internal disease'. I'm really sorry for the spelling mistake. Still it is a worthy note, i would say hehe. By the way, it is all about method of esophagus examination and its special pathology.


Well as usual you can get it here

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition

Ni link untuk d/l buku Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition yang tebal tu.
E-book ni dalam format .pdf dan aku guna rapidshare sebab file ni besar sangat. untuk password taip sprmajujaya.

Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine

Special Pathology of Blood Circulatory System

These are notes from our text book 'internal disease an introductory course' by Alexander Rosinkin, done by my classmate Zubaidah, Ashikin and Nasrun. They cover

1. Aortic stenosis
2. Aortic incompetence
3. Bacterial endocarditis
4. Rheumatism
5. Ischemic heart disease (myocardial infarction, cardiosclerosis,angina pectoris)
6. Myocarditis, Cardiomyopathy
7. Stenosis of the left atrioventricular failure

The file 'acute and chronic heart failure syndrome' has already been uploaded by Helmi, you can get it from the same folder (therapy 3rd year).

Materials for Therapy (3rd year)

Dmitri's Therapy Lectures

I don't know about you, but I think our dekan Dmitri Nikoilavich is one of the few good lecturers here in our uni, language wise. And as far as therapy is concerned, he's my role model. Haha.

Anyways, here are some recordings of his lectures that I compiled during my 3rd year study. They are unfortunately in .wav format which I am told to equal 10 times larger to corresponding files in mp3 format. So before I find the proper time and software to convert them, I guess these will do for now.

Arterial hypertension part 1 & part 2 (posle peririv)

Acute Hear failure part 1 & part 2

I do however have more e.g Pneumothorax, Lung Abscess and ECG lessons from Mdm Irina, but I think I would prefer to have them available in mp3 format so that it'll take less time (and money) to be downloaded. Although if you wish to get them a.s.a.p, let me know and I'll gladly share them.

FYI, these were recorded using my mp3 player I placed next to me in the lecture so you will hear a lot of hissing, babbling and sniffling (by me) in the background haha! But anyways, I believe that these can be very useful especially to those who do not attend his lectures (although I can't see the reason why because he's good!), those that didn't get the chance to finish writing down notes from the slides, and particularly those who couldn't manage to jot down his teeny weeny yet very important extra verbal notes which he might ask during practical and theoretical exam. Plus, be sure not to miss his 'funny' medical jokes in some of these records. Haha.

Enjoy!

Pulmonology - Auscultation sounds

My first contribution. Many thanks to gizmo_pony for the invitation. I hope whatever I put up here will be of good use. All the best to all!

Here are 66 mp3 files with relation to auscultation sounds in pulmonology that I got during my 3rd year study. Most of the now 4th year batch students have a complete copy but I'm making this available here for those who have not and for, well, everyone. Please be aware that these are classic auscultatation sounds and real sounds can more or less differ in real patients and between individual patients so do use them wisely and at your own risk. I hope I won't get sued for the redistribution!

Pulmonology - Auscultation sounds

Good luck!

jellyfungus@gmail.com

Materials for Theraphy (3rd year)

Mostly are Case History sample...and some notes on Symptoms n Syndromes...for 3rd year study only...most of the value,procedure , n case history standard is far lag behind for 4th year study ..in my opinion though

Materials for Therapy (3rd year)